A Roman commander on horseback at a misty river dawn

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IV · Gaius Julius Caesar

CAESAR


From the Rubicon to the Ides

100–44 BC Deep dive · ~125–180 minutes Coming to YouTube

March 15th, 44 BC. In a meeting hall attached to the theater of Pompey, a group of Roman senators closes in on one man. Fifty-five years old. Conquered Gaul. Crossed the Rubicon. Beat Pompey the Great. Just been named dictator for life.

Within minutes he will be dead on the floor — stabbed by men who call themselves liberators. Men who think they are saving the Roman Republic from a king. They are wrong about what comes next. They are not entirely wrong about the danger.

Caesar is not only a general, and he is not only a politician. He is the man who proves — more completely than anyone in Roman history — that genius, speed, popularity, and armed loyalty can outperform a constitution. Skip the cartoon villain in a purple cape. Skip the saint of destiny. What you get is the indebted aristocrat, the popularis operator, the writer of his own legend, the conqueror of Gaul, the lover of Cleopatra, the dictator who forgave enemies and terrified institutions.

Cicero tries to save the system with words. Caesar outgrows the system with will. Both lose, in different ways. Both win the future, in different ways. But only one of them forces the calendar, the map, the title of “Caesar,” and the political DNA of the West to rearrange themselves around his name. His death does not restore the Republic. It finishes teaching Rome how to become an empire.

Portrait still of Gaius Julius Caesar

Chapters

The spine of the film

  1. 00
    The Ides
  2. 01
    Who Caesar was
  3. 02
    Birth, Marius, Sulla
  4. 03
    Pirates and early career
  5. 04
    Triumvirate and consul 59
  6. 05
    The Gallic War
  7. 06
    The Rubicon
  8. 07
    Civil war to Pharsalus
  9. 08
    Egypt and Cleopatra
  10. 09
    Dictator for life
  11. 10
    Funeral, Octavian, empire

Further reading

Start here

  • Caesar, Gallic War and Civil War
  • Plutarch, Life of Caesar; Suetonius, Divine Julius
  • Adrian Goldsworthy; Ronald Syme, The Roman Revolution

Full method and bibliography

Stills

From the production package

Maps

Atlas plates

Schematic maps drawn for the documentary. Political fills and routes are interpretive.

The Mediterranean world of Caesar
The Mediterranean world of Caesar
The Gallic Wars
The Gallic Wars
The Rubicon
The Rubicon
The civil war
The civil war